1) In Greek mythology, Pandora is the first human woman created by the gods. She is known for opening a forbidden box (commonly mistranslated as a "Pandora's box") and releasing various evils into the world. However, hope remains trapped inside the box, offering a glimmer of light amidst the darkness.

2) In Norse mythology, the Valkyries are divine maidens who serve Odin, the chief god. They are responsible for selecting warriors worthy of entering Valhalla and escorting them to the afterlife. They are often depicted as powerful and beautiful figures, riding winged horses and wielding spears.

3) The United Nations Security Council is responsible for maintaining international peace and security, with five permanent members (China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States) holding veto power over resolutions.

4) The first smartphone, the IBM Simon, was introduced in 1992 and featured a touchscreen, email capabilities, and apps such as a calendar and calculator.